Botswana is an upper-middle-income country with a population of about 2.2 million people. About 35 per cent of the total population is under the age of 15 and the percentage of females aged 15 to 49 years is 50 per cent. Over the past 50 years, the country has experienced a notable demographic transition. Total fertility rate has declined from 6.6 children per woman in 1960 to 3.1 children per woman in 2017. Under-five mortality has been reduced from 152 deaths to 48 deaths per 1,000 live births, while maternal mortality ratio has decreased from 152 deaths to 134 deaths per 100,000 live births over the same period.

Since 1973, the Government of Botswana has shown a strong commitment to family planning by integrating sexual and reproductive health and sexually transmitted infections services into the health system. 

This investment case defines the scale and scope of investments needed to provide family planning services in the country. It also provides information on high impact and cost-effective interventions required to accelerate progress towards ending unmet need for family planning in Botswana by 2030.